Commercializing Open Science
نویسنده
چکیده
Recent research on the commercialization of scientific discoveries has emphasized the use of formal intellectual property rights (notably patents) as a mechanism for aligning the academic and entrepreneurial incentives for commercialization. Absent such explicit IPR and licensing, how is such open science commercialized? This paper examines the commercialization of Claude Shannon’s theory of communications, developed at and freely disseminated by Bell Telephone Laboratories. It analyzes the first 25 years of Shannon theory, the role of MIT in developing and extending that theory, and the importance of deep space communications as the initial market for commercialization. It contrasts the early paths of two MIT-related spinoffs that pursued this opportunity, including both key technical and business trajectories driven by information theory. From this, it offers observations about commercializing open science, particularly for engineering-related fields.
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